Water and food on the go
Observe certain standards of food hygiene can prevent the frequent traveler's diarrhea and other infections transmitted through water and food (Salmonella, Hepatitis A, Cholera). Eat only thoroughly cooked food served hot and fruits that we peeled ourselves, but it is good to avoid foods cooked but stored at room temperature and fruit with damaged skin, the milk should be drunk only if boiled, do not eat ice cream and mayonnaise unwrapped, remember that even the dishes can carry food poisoning. "Boil it, cook it, peel it, or forget it" is succinctly expressed in English.
When the water is certainly not drinking it must be only water and bottled drinks, tea and coffee; in case we should use water is not safe from the hygienic point of view it is to be drinkable by boiling for several minutes (3-5 minutes) This precaution appears effective for water purification at high altitude (over 2000 m.) whereas the altitude lowers the boiling point.
Water can also be drinkable by filtering (pressure filters of which there are various formulations on the market in the shops for trekking) and / or use of Micropur ® tablets, adhered to the instructions and remembering that it purifies the water by the hepatitis A virus and dall'Ameba. To make drinking water with tincture of iodine to follow these rules: tincture of Iodine 5% 5 drops per liter of water, use 10 drops if the water is cloudy, wait for an 'hour before drinking.
In warm climates, especially hot-dry (deserts and savannahs) there is a plenty of fluids and salts lost through sweating is not felt that for dry air, the decrease in urine volume and become concentrated (dark), it is essential , in this case, introduce many liquids integrating them with the use of mineral salts (Polase ®).

Medicine in the baggage
Should be placed in a suitcase all the drugs we use routinely in useful quantity to cover the needs of the entire trip, in fact, they might not be found, have different names or may not be available without prescription. If, prior to departure, he had begun malaria prophylaxis, it brought the amount of tablets sufficient to continue it.
The travel pharmacy must also contain:
- Medication for traveler's diarrhea
- An antipyretic (eg aspirin, Tachipirina ®)
- An antibiotic (eg Zimox ®, Avelox ®)
- Eye drops for the eyes
- Drugs marketed in tablets or patches that fight seasickness if you expect to have to travel on boats
- A cortisone ointment for dermatitis
- A painkiller (es.Voltaren ®, Brexin ®) to take on a full stomach and with gastric protection (Cytotec ®, Zantac ®)
For intercontinental see Precautions for jet lag and travel at high altitude to see what was said in mountain sickness.

Insect bites
The insects can transmit several diseases (Malaria, Dengue, Japanese Encephalitis, Yellow Fever, Leishmaniasis, Onchocerciasis, trypanosomiasis), it is essential to protect them from bites by following certain rules of conduct:
Wear clothes that cover arms and legs, particularly at dawn and dusk.
Use repellents based on N, N-diethyl metatoluamide (DEET) at a concentration of 30-35% in adults (Autan extreme ®) and 6-10% in children (Autan ®).
Sleep in rooms protected by mosquito nets on doors and windows with mosquito nets and well tucked up in bed under the mattress and in which we have previously sprayed insecticides.
Use insecticides and insecticide diffusers and / or pyrethrum coils.

AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases
There are numerous diseases besides AIDS with sexual intercourse is considered the worst since at present there is neither a vaccine nor a cure. HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, can be transmitted not only through sexual intercourse with infected blood, blood transfusions, tattoos and dental care to infection by viruses like hepatitis B and C (see Hepatitis Hepatitis B and C). Other diseases with sexual relations are syphilis, gonorrhea, infection with papilloma virus ("cockscomb"), infection with chlamydia, herpes virus infections, the inguinal Pediculosis ("crabs"), the Genital candidiasis. In women, genital infections sometimes give signs and symptoms of disease are not very evident. Obvious recommendation: avoid unprotected sex (condom use).

Heat stroke or sunstroke
Heat stroke is just the warm-humid climates where the heat and excessive humidity counteract the physiological processes of heat dissipation while the heat stroke or sunstroke occurs preferably in hot dry climates or in high altitude where the effect decreases filter of the atmosphere. Are prevented by avoiding sun exposure during the heat and covering the head from the sun, if it appears headache, hyperthermia with skin flushing and cramping or confusion must seek shelter in a shady and windy, wet the head and the body to dissipate heat, cool the body by placing ice packs on the neck and groin and allow liquid.
Exposure to the sun without proper precautions and protections is also due to sunburn of the body and eyes (actinic keratoconjunctivitis) is particularly common in high altitudes, glaciers or snowfields of whether the eyes are not protected with goggles equipped with both a filter for ultra violet rays that lateral protection.

Tetanus
Disease that can be contracted in all continents through wounds contaminated with feces of animals, the disease can be fatal. All wounds should be disinfected well, there is a tetanus vaccine in three doses, which in Italy has been made mandatory for those born after 1968. Before starting, if the vaccination was invented over 10 years, you should run a booster dose of vaccine, we point out, however, that after three to four booster doses against tetanus antibodies (immune memory) remain throughout life. It should be clear that the so-called anti-tetanus injection may be administered after injury or trauma is NOT immunoglobulin tetanus vaccine but giving limited protection to two to three weeks.